Selasa, 22 November 2016

FORMAL LETTER

FORMAL LETTER
A formal letter will encompass many things and is related to the business letter. To put this into perspective, all business letters are formal letters but not all formal letters are business letters. The term formal letter can be used to entail any written letter for a formal purpose, whether that be a recommendation letter, an invitation letter, a complaint letter and so on.


Formal Letter Format :
All formal letters will include the following aspects, not in this order as they may be arranged in individual preference:
·         Contact details     : Addresses at the top, email and phone number at the start or end of the letter (optional)
·         Date                      : When the letter was written, most formal letters will be archived and if there are several exchanges then it is important to keep order by dating each letter.
·         Salutations           : Both at the beginning and the end, need to be appropriate, see business letter salutations
·         Main body            : This is all upto the writer of the letter, how much detail you want to include, what details you want to include, what point you are putting across, if you want to include a suggestion or solution etc
·         Printing                : Hand signature for printed letters, sometimes placed in envelopes if going in the post, more commonly now they are sent as emails but still may be printed by the recipient to be kept on file depending on the purpose.


Example:

123 Elm Ave.
Treesville, ON M1N 2P3
November 7, 2016


Mr. M. Leaf
Chief of Syrup Production
Old Sticky Pancake Company
456 Maple Lane
Forest, ON 7W8 9Y0

Dear Mr. Leaf:

Let me begin by thanking you for your past contributions to our Little League baseball team. Your sponsorship aided in the purchase of ten full uniforms and several pieces of baseball equipment for last year's season.
Next month, our company is planning an employee appreciation pancake breakfast honoring retired employees for their past years of service and present employees for their loyalty and dedication in spite of the current difficult economic conditions.
We would like to place an order with your company for 25 pounds of pancake mix and five gallons of maple syrup. We hope you will be able to provide these products in the bulk quantities we require.
As you are a committed corporate sponsor and long-time associate, we hope that you will be able to join us for breakfast on December 12, 2016.

Respectfully yours,


Derek Jeter.

Selasa, 08 November 2016

ACTIVE & PASSIVE VOICE

ACTIVE & PASSIVE VOICE

1.      Simple present tense
Active voice : S + V1 + O
Ex : Rini buys some apple
Passive voice : S + to be (am, are, is) + past participle/V3 + by + O
ex : The apple are bought by Rini

2.      Present continuous tense
Active voice : S + to be (am, are, is) + present participle/V1-ing + O
Ex : Gani is using the computer
Passive voice : S + to be (am, are, is) + being + past participle/V3 + by + O
Ex : The computer is being used by Gani

3.      Present perfect tense
Active voice : S +have/has + past participle/V3
Ex : I have bought her a cake last night
Passive voice : S + have/has + been + past participle/V3 + by 
Ex : She has been bought a cake by me last night

4.      Present perfect continuous tense
Active voice : S + have/has + been + V1-ing + O
Ex : Gatot has been learning english since 2 p.m.
Passive voice : S + have/has + been + being + V3 + by + O
Ex : English has been being learned by Gatot since 2 p.m.

5.      Simple past tense
Active voice : S + V2 + O
Ex : We watched the Doctor Strange movie on the cinema last night.
Passive voice : S + to be (was, were) + V3 + by + O
Ex : The Doctor Srange movie was watched by us on the cinema last night.

6.      Past continuous tense
Active voice : S + to be (was, were) + present participle/V1-ing + O
Ex : Rika was playing the basketball
Passive voice : S + to be (was, were) + being + past participle/V3 + by + O
Ex : The basketball was being played by Rika

7.      Past perfect tense
Active voice : S + had + past participle/V3 + O
Ex : I had finished my homework
Passive voice : S + had + been + past participle/V3 + by + O
Ex : My homework had been finished by me

8.      Past perfect continuous tense
Active voice : S + had + been + V1-ing + O
Ex : She had been listening music
Passive voice : S + had + been + being + V3 + by + O
Ex : The music had been listened by her

9.      Simple future tense
Active voice : S + be(am,are,is) + going to/will/not + bare infinitive + O
Ex : He will wash the car
Passive voice : S + will be + past participle/V3 + by + O
Ex : The car will be washed by him

10.  Future continuous tense
Active voice : S + will + be + present participle/V1-ing + O
Ex :Jaka will be visiting Jeri’s house
Passive voice : S + will + be + being + past participle/V3 + by + O
Ex : Jeri’s house will be being visited by Jaka

11.  Future perfect tense
Active voice : S + will + have + V3 + O
Ex : I will have done my homework tomorrow
Passive voice :  S + will + have + been + V3 + by + O
Ex : My homework have been done by me tomorrow

12.  Future perfect continuous tense
Active voice : S + will + have + been + present participle/V1-ing + O
Ex : Mika will have been listening the beatles’ music for twice
Passive voice : S + will + have + been + V3 + O
Ex : The beatles’ music will have been listened by Mika for twice

13.  Simple past future tense
Active voice : S + would + bare infinitive + O
Ex : I thought Gogo would forgive Gaga
Passive voice : S + would + be + V3 + by + O
Ex : I thought Gaga would be forgiven by Gogo

14.  Past future continuous tense
Active voice : S + would + be + present participle/V1-ing + O
Ex : Melia would be cooking fried rice
Passive voice : S + would + be + being + V3 + by + O
Ex : Fried rice would be being cooked by Melia

15.  Past future perfect tense
Active voice : S + would + have + past participle/V3 + O
Ex : Melia would have asked Joana to live in her house for a while
Passive voice : S + would + have + been + V3 + by + O
Ex : Joana would have been asked by Melia to live in her house for a while

16.  Past future perfect continuous tense
Active voice : S + would + have + been + present participle/V1-ing + O
Ex : She would have been writing a letter
Passive voice : S + would + have + been +being + V3 + by + O
Ex : A letter would have been being written by her